Leaves acting strange
Yellowing, curling, purple veins, brown spots, white patches. Leaves are the plant’s dashboard, and each pattern points somewhere different.
Fruit gone wrong
Black bottoms, cracks and splits, catfacing, sunscald, fruit that refuses to turn red. Usually fixable, often preventable next time.
Bugs and bites
Hornworms, aphids, whiteflies, cutworms, and the mystery creature that ate half a tomato overnight. Identify the culprit, then deal with it.
Diseases
Early blight, late blight, septoria, wilts and viruses. Learn to tell them apart, what is treatable, and when to pull the plant.
Flowers but no fruit
Blossoms falling off, a big green plant with nothing on it. Usually the weather, and the fix is mostly patience plus a few real helpers.
Hungry plants
Pale leaves, purple undersides, slow growth. How to read a nutrient deficiency, and when it is really a watering problem in disguise.